An Analysis of the Basic Introduction of International Law, Veto Power and Peace Treaty

بین الاقوامی قانون کا بنیادی تمہیدی تعارف، ویٹو پاور اور معاہدہ امن : ایک تجزیہ

Abstract

International law, derived from treaties, customs, and general principles recognized by civilized nations, has long sought to shape world order and safeguard global peace and security. Despite its noble objectives, the functioning of the United Nations Security Council has often been hindered by the use of veto power, which has repeatedly obstructed the peace process and exacerbated the suffering of many nations. This article critically examines the detrimental role of the veto in undermining international law and proposes alternative frameworks for achieving justice and peace. In particular, the paper argues that Muslim states should consider forming a collective bloc to safeguard regional and international stability, drawing inspiration from historical precedents such as Ḥilf al-Fuḍūl (the Pact of the Virtuous), which was established to defend the oppressed and promote justice. Moreover, the article highlights that global treaties, such as the Kyoto Protocol, reveal the selective engagement of powerful states, where non-ratification particularly by the United States demonstrates how national interests often supersede commitments to collective welfare.

The study concludes that the persistence of the veto system and the failure to ratify peace-oriented treaties represent serious obstacles to the realization of global harmony. It emphasizes the urgent need for reforms in international law that align with the principles outlined in the Preamble of the United Nations Charter (1945). By advocating for equitable treaties and cooperative mechanisms, this article presents a way forward to strengthen international peace, protect vulnerable nations, and advance the global pursuit of justice and security.