The Methodology and Literary Style of Qāḍī ʿIyāḍ’s al-Shifāʾ bi-Taʿrīf Ḥuqūq al-Muṣṭafā ﷺ: An Analytical Study

قاضی عیاض کی کتاب "الشفاء بتعریف حقوق المصطفیٰ" کا منہج و اسلوب: ایک تجزیاتی مطالعہ

Abstract

The book Al-Shifāʾ bi-Taʿrīf Ḥuqūq al-Muṣṭafā by Qadi Iyad occupies a distinguished position in Islamic scholarship due to its comprehensive treatment of the rights, virtues, status, and noble characteristics of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). This research examines the methodology and literary style employed by Qadi Iyad in the composition of this seminal work. It explores the author's systematic approach to presenting prophetic traditions, Qur’ānic evidences, scholarly opinions, and historical narratives in support of his arguments. The study further analyzes the organizational structure of the book, its thematic arrangement, and the balance between devotional expression and academic rigor. The research highlights how Qadi Iyad combines textual authenticity with eloquent expression, making the work both a scholarly reference and a source of spiritual inspiration. Particular attention is given to his methods of citation, argumentation, and defense of the Prophet’s dignity against misconceptions and challenges. The study also investigates the influence of the book on later Islamic scholarship and its enduring relevance in contemporary discussions concerning the Prophet’s status and rights. Using an analytical and descriptive research method, this paper concludes that Al-Shifāʾ represents a unique synthesis of hadith studies, theology, jurisprudence, history, and literary excellence. Its methodological coherence and refined style have contributed significantly to its acceptance across the Muslim world, establishing it as one of the most influential works in the field of Prophetic studies.