BEHAVIOUR FORMATION and CIVIC EDUCATION in ISLAM: An Overview of the 106th Revelation of Almighty Allah (Surah ALHUJARAT, No: 49 of Holy Quran) to His last Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (ﷺ)

Abstract

This research paper is essentially a review of selected Qur’anic verses, with the objective of highlighting the civic education imparted through the Qur’ān and analyzing the verses to determine the Islamic perspective on the formation of human behavior. Particular focus is given to Sūrat al-Ḥujurāt, which is considered the 106th revelation sent by Allāh to His final Prophet, Muḥammad ( ﷺ ). This Madinan sūrah was examined to explore how Islam, as a religion, places profound emphasis on civic education and the moral and behavioral development of individuals to establish a peaceful and progressive society.

Islam employs the approach of “teaching and preaching” and uses the tools of the “pen and the book” to educate and train believers. In this context, the central aspects of human life faith (īmān), worship (ʿibādāt), social dealings (muʿāmalāt), and ethics (akhlāq) are addressed in the verses of Sūrat al-Ḥujurāt. Each verse in this sūrah serves as a vital source of guidance, offering principles for behavior formation and character building, and providing significant lessons in civic responsibility.

Moreover, these verses reveal that Allāh Almighty is not only the Creator of the universe but also its Supreme Educator, and that Islam is a religion committed to the holistic education and ethical development of humanity.